| Chronology of the History of Japanese Calculating Machines |
|
| by |
| Katsunori Kadokura |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1500s? |
Chinese Abacus appears in Japan
and is modified. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1800s |
Japanese SOROBAN becomes
popular. |
|
|
| 1868 |
Japanese modern Government is
organized |
|
|
| 1885 |
Japanese Low's Patent is
published |
|
|
| 1890 |
Japanese Navy uses a
"Thomas Arithmometer" |
|
|
| 1894 |
Japanese-China war starts. |
|
|
| 1897 |
Nippon Insurance uses a
"Tates Arithmometer" |
|
|
| 1900s |
Some Odhner and Brunsviga
machines are imported. |
|
|
| 1903 |
Daichi Insurance Co. imports a
"Millionaire " price: Yen 500 |
|
|
| |
R. Yazu patents his Arithmometer |
|
|
| 1905 |
R.Yazu die |
|
|
| |
Japanese-Russia War is ended |
|
|
| 1909 |
Kurosawa Shoten sales
"Comptometer" price: Yen 415 |
|
|
| 1913 |
Maruzen and Itohki sales
"Brunsviga" price: Yen 350 |
|
|
| 1915 |
Maruzen sales
"Moldibo" |
|
|
| 1916 |
Sotoyama Utility Patent 47281
"Calculator" |
|
|
| 1919 |
Calculating Manufacturing Co,
Ltd. is incorporated. |
|
|
| Trade
mark "IDEAL" is registered by Marzen. |
|
|
| 1921 |
Maruzen sales
"IDEAL" Machines. |
|
|
| K. Frieden Patent 40871 |
|
|
| 1923 |
T. Ohmoto finishes his first
Machine |
|
|
| 1925 |
"Brunsviga" trade mark
is registered in Japan |
|
|
| 1928 |
Nippon Calculating Machine Co,
Ltd. is incorporated. |
|
|
| |
Tiger, Motor driven calculator,
price: Yen 1350 |
|
|
| 1930 |
Tiger Calculating Machine Co,
Ltd. is incorporated. |
|
|
| 1931 |
Tiger
Model " Tokuso" |
|
|
| 1931 |
Tamaya
Shokai sales "Toyo?," "Aikoku" and "Nohritsu" |
|
|
| 1933 |
Tiger
Model "Renjou." |
|
|
| 1934 |
Taiyo Calculating Machine Co,
Ltd. is incorporated. |
|
|
| |
Taiyo Model "Taiyo"
(Japanese word logo). |
|
|
| 1937 |
Government prohibits imports of
equipment including business machines. |
|
|
| 1938 |
Maruzen sales "Maruzen."
|
|
|
| 1939 |
Tiger motor drive calculating Machine? shown at New York World
Exhibition |
|
|
| |
Maruzen Calculating Machine Co, Ltd. is incorporated (Maruzen
merge Taiyo). |
|
|
| |
World War 2 breaks out. |
|
|
| 1940 |
Tiger Calculating Sale Co, Ltd.
is incorporated, (splits Manufacturing and Sales) |
|
|
| 1942 |
Army orders the high speed
calculating machine to Maruzen, but not finished. |
|
|
| 1945 |
World War 2 ends. |
|
|
| |
Nippon Calculating Machine Co,
Ltd. is incorporated by Showa Youkou, Model "Fujiboshi" |
|
|
| 1947 |
Nippon
Calculating Machine Sales Co, Ltd. is incorporated, (splits manufacturing and
sales) |
|
|
| 1949 |
Marchant, Monroe, Frieden (
motor drive calculators) are started to be imported and sold |
|
|
| 1950 |
Tiger "Model 20" (RENJOU ) |
|
|
| |
Tiger "Model 18"(TOKUSO ) |
|
|
| |
Tokyo Electric Co, Ltd. is
incorporated. |
|
|
| 1951 |
Taiyo Calculating Machine Co,
Ltd. is incorporated again |
|
|
| |
Nippon Business Machine Co, Ltd.
Model "Blue Star 20-S" made by Tokyo Electric Co, Ltd. |
|
|
| 1953 |
Tiger Model "JUSSIN KIHONN." |
|
|
| |
Nippon Business Machine, Model
"Blue Star 20-T" |
|
|
| 1954 |
Toshiba Business Machine Co,
Ltd. is incorporated, Model "Blue Star 13-T" made by Tokyo Electric
Co. |
|
|
| 1956 |
Nippo Model "Nippo
101" |
|
|
| |
Toshiba Model "20-E" (motor driven
calculating machine) |
|
|
| 1957 |
Busicom & Co, Ltd. is
incorporated. |
|
|
| Keybar
Calculating Machine Co, Ltd. is incorporated, Model "Keybar" |
|
|
| Casio
Keisannki Seisakusho Co, Ltd. is incorporated |
|
|
| 1958 |
Tiger improves Model 20" |
|
|
| |
Nippo Model "Nippo
202" |
|
|
| 1959 |
Tiger improves Model 18" |
|
|
| |
Toshiba Model "20-TB"
and "20-EB" (motor driven calculating machine) |
|
|
| 1960 |
Tiger Model" E60-3" (motor driven adding machine) |
|
|
| |
Toshiba Model " BC-4001" (motor driven
adding machine) |
|
|
| |
Plus sales "Keybar
A-2" |
|
|
| 1961 |
Toshiba
Model "20-TC", Nippon Calculating Machine Model "SM-21" |
|
|
| |
Pilot
merges Keybar and incorporates Pilot Business Machine Co, Ltd. |
|
|
| |
Nippo
discontinues calculating machines. |
|
|
| 1962 |
Tiger
Model "H-62-20" (improved Model 20
plastic body cover) |
|
|
| |
Toshiba Model
"BC-5001" (Accounting Machine) |
|
|
| 1963 |
Tiger Model "A63-12" (electric adding machine), H62-18 (new
type of Model 18) |
|
|
| 1964 |
Tiger Model E64-21(motor driven calculator, improvement of E60-3) |
|
|
| |
Hayakawa Electric (Sharp) and
Canon launch Electronic calculators.
PILOT sales Model
"P-1" |
|
|
| 1966 |
Tiger Model AM66-12 (motor
driven adding machine) |
|
|
| |
Tiger sales ANITA. |
|
|
| |
Nippon Calculating Machine Model
"HL-21" |
|
|
| Busicom
launches Electronic Calculator Model "161" |
|
|
| 1967 |
PILOT Model "P-3" |
|
|
| 1968 |
Tiger Model H68-21. |
|
|
| 1970 |
Tiger sales Tiger brand
electronic calculator 1213E. |
|
|
| 1971 |
Intel and Busicom launch the
Microprocessor "i4004" |
|
|
| 1974 |
Nippon Calculating Machine and
Busicom goes bankrupt. |
|
|
| 1975 |
Tiger layoffs many workers. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Note: Yellow cells refer to the history of Tiger machines. |
|
|
| History of Japanese Calculators |
|
| Evolution of the
Japanese Market |
|
| Sales of Tiger
Calculators |
|
| January 20, 2008Tiger Calculators Serial Numbers |
|
|
| Revised: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|